![]() ![]() ![]() Thirdly, remote work is polarised along the skill axis: workers with in-demand skills attract profitable jobs, while others face intense competition and obtain low wages. Secondly, remote jobs are pulled to large cities rural areas fall behind. First, countries are globally divided: North American, European, and South Asian remote platform workers attract most jobs, while many Global South countries participate only marginally. Specifically, in how far could remote work connect employers and workers in different countries? Does it bring jobs to rural areas because of lower living costs, or does it concentrate in large cities? And how do skill requirements affect competition for employment and wages? We use data from a fully remote labour market-an online labour platform-to show that remote platform work is polarised along three dimensions. However, our understanding of the geographies of remote work is limited. Remote work could connect labour markets, but it might also increase spatial polarisation. Animal populations are inhibited by toxic substances, vehicles, and the loss of habitat and food sources.The Covid-19 pandemic has led to the rise of digitally enabled remote work with consequences for the global division of labour.Pollution and physical barriers to root growth promote loss of urban tree cover.Urban development can magnify the risk of environmental hazards such as flash flooding.Large volumes of uncollected waste create multiple health hazards.Automobile exhaust produces elevated lead levels in urban air.Concentrated energy use leads to greater air pollution with significant impact on human health.Intensive urban growth can lead to greater poverty, with local governments unable to provide services for all people.Strong city planning will be essential in managing these and other difficulties as the world's urban areas swell. Poor air and water quality, insufficient water availability, waste-disposal problems, and high energy consumption are exacerbated by the increasing population density and demands of urban environments. But in cities two of the most pressing problems facing the world today also come together: poverty and environmental degradation. Half of the global population already lives in cities, and by 2050 two-thirds of the world's people are expected to live in urban areas. The promise of jobs and prosperity, among other factors, pulls people to cities. ![]()
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